A piece of sheet metal is simulated while being stamped into its final shape. The final shape will not be exactly the shape of the die — residual stresses cause partial “spring back”. Using accurate predictive simulations, an engineer can create a die shape that accounts for the spring back effect.
Metal forming simulations involve many complexities such as large deformation plasticity, complex contact, friction, material damage, material anisotropy and residual stresses.
